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Chapter 5 - Coordination of Resources for the Manufacturing and Deployment of COVID-19 Diagnostic Assays
- Edited by Steven C. Schachter, Harvard Medical School, Wade E. Bolton, VentureWell/Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx)
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- Book:
- Accelerating Diagnostics in a Time of Crisis
- Published online:
- 06 January 2024
- Print publication:
- 07 March 2024, pp 88-102
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Summary
The Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx®) program’s success would be significantly diminished without the support of the Deployment Core. For a company to successfully bring to market an in vitro diagnostic (IVD) test, it requires expertise in a variety of areas. This is especially pertinent in a pandemic landscape, as timelines are greatly reduced and market demand is constantly changing. Within the RADx initiative, the Deployment Core was established to identify and provide these necessary resources. The Deployment Core was formed in May 2020 after the IVD companies’ needs became apparent, including the need for consultant expertise and various resources to support development and scale up. This chapter explores the challenges faced by many RADx companies and the lessons learned through the Deployment Core in addressing those needs.
The impact of badmouthing of medical specialties to medical students
- Dylan Viani Walsh, Niamh Murphy, Shane Evans, Kieran C. Murphy, Allys Guerandel, Anne M. Doherty, Brian Hallahan, John Lally
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- Journal:
- Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine , First View
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 14 February 2024, pp. 1-8
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Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate the proportion of Irish medical students exposed to ‘badmouthing’ of different specialities and to ascertain: the degree of criticism of specialities based on the seniority of clinical or academic members of staff; if ‘badmouthing’ influenced student career choice in psychiatry; and attitudes of medical students towards psychiatry as a speciality and career choice.
Methods:Medical students in three Irish universities were invited to complete an online survey to determine the frequency and effect of non-constructive criticism on choice of medical specialty. The online questionnaire was distributed to Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), University of Galway (UoG) and University College Dublin (UCD) in the academic year 2020–2021.
Results:General practice (69%), surgery (65%) and psychiatry (50%) were the most criticised specialties. Criticism was most likely to be heard from medical students. 46% of students reported reconsidering a career in psychiatry due to criticism from junior doctors. There was a positive perception of psychiatry with 27% of respondents considering psychiatry as a first-choice specialty.
Conclusions:Criticism of psychiatry by doctors, academics and student peers negatively influences students’ career choice, which could be contributing to recruitment difficulties in psychiatry.
Multimodality imaging in delineation of complex sinus venosus defects and treatment outcomes over the last decade – CORRIGENDUM
- Li Y. Ng, Lars Nolke, Adam James, Brian Grant, Orla Franklin, J. Mark Redmond, Jonathan McGuinness, Kevin Walsh, Colin J. McMahon
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- Journal:
- Cardiology in the Young / Volume 32 / Issue 7 / July 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 February 2022, p. 1121
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Multimodality imaging in delineation of complex sinus venosus defects and treatment outcomes over the last decade
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- Li Y. Ng, Lars Nolke, Adam James, Brian Grant, Orla Franklin, J. Mark Redmond, Jonathan McGuinness, Kevin Walsh, Colin J. McMahon
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- Journal:
- Cardiology in the Young / Volume 32 / Issue 7 / July 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 September 2021, pp. 1112-1120
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Background:
Diagnosis of sinus venosus defects, not infrequently associated with complex anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, may be delayed requiring multimodality imaging.
Methods:Retrospective review of all patients from February 2008 to January 2019.
Results:Thirty-seven children were diagnosed at a median age of 4.2 years (range 0.5−15.5 years). In 32 of 37 (86%) patients, diagnosis was achieved on transthoracic echocardiography, but five patients (14%) had complex variants (four had high insertion of anomalous vein into the superior caval vein and three had multiple anomalous veins draining to different sites, two of whom had drainage of one vein into the high superior caval vein). In these five patients, the final diagnosis was achieved by multimodality imaging and intra-operative findings. The median age at surgery was 5.2 years (range 1.6−15.8 years). Thirty-one patients underwent double patch repair, four patients a Warden repair, and two patients a single-patch repair. Of the four Warden repairs, two patients had a high insertion of right-sided anomalous pulmonary vein into the superior caval vein, one patient had bilateral superior caval veins, and one patient had right lower pulmonary vein insertion into the right atrium/superior caval vein junction. There was no post-operative mortality, reoperation, residual shunt or pulmonary venous obstruction. One patient developed superior caval vein obstruction and one patient developed atrial flutter.
Conclusion:Complementary cardiac imaging modalities improve diagnosis of complex sinus venosus defects associated with a wide variation in the pattern of anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Nonetheless, surgical treatment is associated with excellent outcomes.
Experience of stent implantation for recurrent aortic arch obstruction following Norwood or Damus–Kaye–Stansel operation over the last decade
- Brian McCrossan, Lars Nolke, Damien Kenny, Paul Oslizlok, Gloria Crispino, Kevin P. Walsh, Colin J. McMahon
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- Journal:
- Cardiology in the Young / Volume 29 / Issue 9 / September 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 24 July 2019, pp. 1137-1142
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Background:
Recurrent aortic arch obstruction following the Norwood procedure is recognised as an important complication. Balloon arch angioplasty is associated with a high recoarctation rate.
Methods:We sought to evaluate the prevalence and outcome of stent implantation for recoarctation in children following Norwood or Damus–Kaye–Stansel procedure over the past decade at a single national cardiology centre.
Results:Of 114 children who underwent Norwood procedure or Damus–Kaye–Stansel procedure between January 2003 and June 2013, 80 patients survived. Of these 15 children underwent stent implantation for recoarctation. Six of these patients had previous balloon angioplasty. The median age at stent implantation was 4.4 months (range 2–82 months). The median peak aortic arch gradient at catheterisation decreased from 26mmHg (range 10–70mmHg) to 2mmHg (range 0–20mmHg). The median luminal diameter increased from 4.7 mm (range 3.2–7.9 mm) to 8.6 mm (range 6.2–10.9 mm). The median coarctation index increased by 0.49 (range = 0.24–0.64). A Valeo stent was employed in 11 children, a Palmaz Genesis stent in 2 patients, a MultiLink stent in 1 child, and a Jomed covered stent in 1 child. Two factors were associated with the need for stent placement: previous arch angioplasty (p valve < 0.001, χ-square 11.5) and borderline left ventricle (p = 0.04, χ-square = 4.1). Stent migration occurred in one child. There were two deaths related to poor right ventricular systolic function and severe tricuspid regurgitation. Six patients underwent redilation of the stent with no complications.
Conclusions:The prevalence of recurrent aortic arch obstruction following Norwood/Damus–Kaye–Stansel procedure was 18%. Stent implantation is safe and reliably eliminates the aortic obstruction. Redilation can be successfully achieved to accommodate somatic growth or development of stent recoarctation.
Qualitative Assessment of a Novel Efficacy-Focused Training Intervention for Public Health Workers in Disaster Recovery
- Craig Tower, Brian A. Altman, Kandra Strauss-Riggs, Annelise Iversen, Stephanie Garrity, Carol B. Thompson, Lauren Walsh, Lainie Rutkow, Kenneth Schor, Daniel J. Barnett
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- Journal:
- Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness / Volume 10 / Issue 4 / August 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 13 April 2016, pp. 615-622
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Objective
We trained local public health workers on disaster recovery roles and responsibilities by using a novel curriculum based on a threat and efficacy framework and a training-of-trainers approach. This study used qualitative data to assess changes in perceptions of efficacy toward Hurricane Sandy recovery and willingness to participate in future disaster recoveries.
MethodsPurposive and snowball sampling were used to select trainers and trainees from participating local public health departments in jurisdictions impacted by Hurricane Sandy in October 2012. Two focus groups totaling 29 local public health workers were held in April and May of 2015. Focus group participants discussed the content and quality of the curriculum, training logistics, and their willingness to engage in future disaster recovery efforts.
ResultsThe training curriculum improved participants’ understanding of and confidence in their disaster recovery work and related roles within their agencies (self-efficacy); increased their individual- and agency-level sense of role-importance in disaster recovery (response-efficacy); and enhanced their sense of their agencies’ effective functioning in disaster recovery. Participants suggested further training customization and inclusion of other recovery agencies.
ConclusionThreat- and efficacy-based disaster recovery trainings show potential to increase public health workers’ sense of efficacy and willingness to participate in recovery efforts. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:615–622)
Examining Public Health Workers’ Perceptions Toward Participating in Disaster Recovery After Hurricane Sandy: A Quantitative Assessment
- Nicole A. Errett, Carol B. Thompson, Lainie Rutkow, Stephanie Garrity, Kandra Stauss-Riggs, Brian A. Altman, Lauren Walsh, Jeffrey D. Freeman, Ran D. Balicer, Kenneth W. Schor, Daniel J. Barnett
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- Journal:
- Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness / Volume 10 / Issue 3 / June 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 04 April 2016, pp. 371-377
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Objective
We aimed to quantitatively gauge local public health workers’ perceptions toward disaster recovery role expectations among jurisdictions in New Jersey and Maryland affected by Hurricane Sandy.
MethodsAn online survey was made available in 2014 to all employees in 8 Maryland and New Jersey local health departments whose jurisdictions had been impacted by Hurricane Sandy in October 2012. The survey included perceptions of their actual disaster recovery involvement across 3 phases: days to weeks, weeks to months, and months to years. The survey also queried about their perceptions about future involvement and future available support.
ResultsSixty-four percent of the 1047 potential staff responded to the survey (n=669). Across the 3 phases, 72% to 74% of the pre-Hurricane Sandy hires knew their roles in disaster recovery, 73% to 75% indicated confidence in their assigned roles (self-efficacy), and 58% to 63% indicated that their participation made a difference (response efficacy). Of the respondents who did not think it likely that they would be asked to participate in future disaster recovery efforts (n=70), 39% indicated a willingness to participate.
ConclusionThe marked gaps identified in local public health workers’ awareness of, sense of efficacy toward, and willingness to participate in disaster recovery efforts after Hurricane Sandy represent a significant infrastructural concern of policy and programmatic relevance. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:371–377)
Applying a Behavioral Model Framework for Disaster Recovery Research in Local Public Health Agencies: A Conceptual Approach
- Lauren Walsh, Stephanie Garrity, Lainie Rutkow, Carol B. Thompson, Kandra Strauss-Riggs, Brian A. Altman, Kenneth Schor, Daniel J. Barnett
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- Journal:
- Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness / Volume 9 / Issue 4 / August 2015
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 April 2015, pp. 403-408
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The local public health agency (LPHA) workforce is at the center of the public health emergency preparedness system and is integral to locally driven disaster recovery efforts. Throughout the disaster recovery period, LPHAs have a primary responsibility for community health and are responsible for a large number of health services. In the face of decreasing preparedness funding and increasing frequency and severity of disasters, LPHAs continue to provide essential disaster life cycle services to their communities. However, little is known about the confidence that LPHA workers have in performing disaster recovery-related duties. To date, there is no widely used instrument to measure LPHA workers’ sense of efficacy, nor is there an educational intervention designed specifically to bolster disaster recovery-phase efficacy perceptions. Here, we describe the important role of the LPHA workforce in disaster recovery and the operational- and efficacy-related research gaps inherent in today’s disaster recovery practices. We then propose a behavioral framework that can be used to examine LPHA workers’ disaster recovery perceptions and suggest a research agenda to enhance LPHA workforce disaster recovery efficacy through an evidence-informed educational intervention. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:403–408)
Enhancing the Translation of Disaster Health Competencies Into Practice
- Lauren Walsh, Brian A. Altman, Richard V. King, Kandra Strauss-Riggs
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- Journal:
- Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness / Volume 8 / Issue 1 / February 2014
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 25 March 2014, pp. 70-78
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Objectives
Disaster health workers currently have no common standard based on a shared set of competencies, learning objectives, and performance metrics with which to develop courses or training materials relevant to their learning audience. We examined how existing competency sets correlate within the 2012 pyramidal learning framework of competency sets in disaster medicine and public health criteria and describe how this exercise can guide curriculum developers.
MethodsWe independently categorized 35 disaster health-related competency sets according to the 4 levels and criteria of the pyramidal learning framework of competency sets in disaster medicine and public health.
ResultsUsing the hierarchical learning framework of competency sets in disaster medicine and public health criteria as guidance, we classified with consistency only 10 of the 35 competency sets.
ConclusionsThe proposed series of minor modifications to the framework should allow for consistent classification of competency sets. Improved education and training of all health professionals is a necessary step to ensuring that health system responders are appropriately and adequately primed for their role in disasters. Revising the organizing framework should assist disaster health educators in selecting competencies appropriate to their learning audience and identify gaps in current education and training. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2014;8:70-78)
Chapter Seven - Marlowe and the Elizabethan theatre audience
- from Part I - Marlowe’s works
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- By Brian Walsh
- Edited by Emily C. Bartels, Rutgers University, New Jersey, Emma Smith, University of Oxford
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- Book:
- Christopher Marlowe in Context
- Published online:
- 05 July 2013
- Print publication:
- 11 July 2013, pp 68-79
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Contributors
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- By Pascale Aebischer, Patricia Cahill, Thomas Cartelli, Chris Chism, David Clark, Danielle Clarke, Catherine Clifford, Mary Thomas Crane, Sarah Dewar-Watson, Andrew Duxfield, Lars Engle, Alison Findlay, Adam Hansen, Elizabeth Hanson, Thomas Healy, Lisa Hopkins, Paulina Kewes, Jacques Lezra, Laurie Maguire, Jenny C. Mann, Leah S. Marcus, Paul Menzer, Lucy Munro, Catherine Nicholson, Syrithe Pugh, Tom Rutter, Kathryn Schwarz, James R. Siemon, Elizabeth Spiller, Holger Schott Syme, Aleksandra Thostrup, Brian Walsh, Martin Wiggins, Gillian Woods
- Edited by Emily C. Bartels, Rutgers University, New Jersey, Emma Smith, University of Oxford
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- Christopher Marlowe in Context
- Published online:
- 05 July 2013
- Print publication:
- 11 July 2013, pp ix-xiv
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Core Competencies for Disaster Medicine and Public Health
- Lauren Walsh, Italo Subbarao, Kristine Gebbie, Kenneth W. Schor, Jim Lyznicki, Kandra Strauss-Riggs, Arthur Cooper, Edbert B. Hsu, Richard V. King, John A. Mitas II, John Hick, Rebecca Zukowski, Brian A. Altman, Ruth Anne Steinbrecher, James J. James
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- Journal:
- Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness / Volume 6 / Issue 1 / March 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 08 April 2013, pp. 44-52
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Effective preparedness, response, and recovery from disasters require a well-planned, integrated effort with experienced professionals who can apply specialized knowledge and skills in critical situations. While some professionals are trained for this, others may lack the critical knowledge and experience needed to effectively perform under stressful disaster conditions. A set of clear, concise, and precise training standards that may be used to ensure workforce competency in such situations has been developed. The competency set has been defined by a broad and diverse set of leaders in the field and like-minded professionals through a series of Web-based surveys and expert working group meetings. The results may provide a useful starting point for delineating expected competency levels of health professionals in disaster medicine and public health.
(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:44–52)
Contributors
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- By Donna L. Arand, Thomas J. Balkin, Michael H. Bonnet, Tina M. Burke, Christina E. Carvey, Michael W. L. Chee, Emma Childs, Nicholas Davenport, Janine M. Hall-Porter, Aaron M. Henley, Francine O. James, Thomas S. Kilduff, Su Mei Lee, Harris R. Lieberman, Cheryl Lowry, Caroline R. Mahoney, Melissa M. Mallis, James T. McKenna, Ravi K. Pasumarthi, Brian Pinkston, Phillip J. Quartana, John J. Renger, Tracy L. Rupp, Martin Sarter, Jonathan R. L. Schwartz, Mark R. Smith, Megan Peters, Robert E. Strecker, Lauren A. Thompson, James K. Walsh, Nancy J. Wesensten, Harriet de Wit, Kenneth P. Wright
- Edited by Nancy J. Wesensten
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- Book:
- Sleep Deprivation, Stimulant Medications, and Cognition
- Published online:
- 05 September 2012
- Print publication:
- 23 August 2012, pp vii-viii
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Subjective well-being amongst community-dwelling elders: what determines satisfaction with life? Findings from the Dublin Healthy Aging Study
- Aine M. Ní Mhaoláin, Damien Gallagher, Henry O Connell, A. V. Chin, Irene Bruce, Fiona Hamilton, Erin Teehee, Robert Coen, Davis Coakley, Conal Cunningham, J. B. Walsh, Brian A. Lawlor
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- Journal:
- International Psychogeriatrics / Volume 24 / Issue 2 / February 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 22 July 2011, pp. 316-323
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Background: Life satisfaction is a subjective expression of well-being and successful aging. Subjective well-being is a major determinant of health outcomes in older people. The aim of this study was to determine which factors predicted well-being in older people living in the community as measured by their satisfaction with life.
Methods: The relationship between life satisfaction, as measured by the Life Satisfaction Index (LSI-A) and physical, cognitive and demographic variables was examined in 466 older people living in the community using a stepwise regression model
Results: Depression, loneliness, neuroticism, extraversion, recent participation in physical activity, age and self-reported exhaustion, were the independent predictors of life satisfaction in our elderly cohort.
Conclusion: Subjective well-being, as measured by the Life Satisfaction Scale, is predicted by depression, loneliness, personality traits, recent participation in physical activity and self-reported exhaustion. The mental and emotional status of older individuals, as well as their engagement in physical activity, are as important as physical functionality when it comes to life satisfaction as a measure of well-being and successful aging. These areas represent key targets for intervention.
Contributors
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. Flowers, Carole Fontaine, David Ford, Mary Ford, Stephanie A. Ford, Jim Forest, William Franke, Robert M. Franklin, Ruth Franzén, Edward H. Friedman, Samuel Frouisou, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Jojo M. Fung, Inger Furseth, Richard R. Gaillardetz, Brandon Gallaher, China Galland, Mark Galli, Ismael García, Tharscisse Gatwa, Jean-Marie Gaudeul, Luis María Gavilanes del Castillo, Pavel L. Gavrilyuk, Volney P. Gay, Metropolitan Athanasios Geevargis, Kondothra M. George, Mary Gerhart, Simon Gikandi, Maurice Gilbert, Michael J. Gillgannon, Verónica Giménez Beliveau, Terryl Givens, Beth Glazier-McDonald, Philip Gleason, Menghun Goh, Brian Golding, Bishop Hilario M. Gomez, Michelle A. Gonzalez, Donald K. Gorrell, Roy Gottfried, Tamara Grdzelidze, Joel B. Green, Niels Henrik Gregersen, Cristina Grenholm, Herbert Griffiths, Eric W. Gritsch, Erich S. Gruen, Christoffer H. Grundmann, Paul H. Gundani, Jon P. Gunnemann, Petre Guran, Vidar L. Haanes, Jeremiah M. Hackett, Getatchew Haile, Douglas John Hall, Nicholas Hammond, Daphne Hampson, Jehu J. Hanciles, Barry Hankins, Jennifer Haraguchi, Stanley S. Harakas, Anthony John Harding, Conrad L. Harkins, J. William Harmless, Marjory Harper, Amir Harrak, Joel F. Harrington, Mark W. Harris, Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Van A. Harvey, R. Chris Hassel, Jione Havea, Daniel Hawk, Diana L. Hayes, Leslie Hayes, Priscilla Hayner, S. Mark Heim, Simo Heininen, Richard P. Heitzenrater, Eila Helander, David Hempton, Scott H. Hendrix, Jan-Olav Henriksen, Gina Hens-Piazza, Carter Heyward, Nicholas J. Higham, David Hilliard, Norman A. Hjelm, Peter C. Hodgson, Arthur Holder, M. Jan Holton, Dwight N. Hopkins, Ronnie Po-chia Hsia, Po-Ho Huang, James Hudnut-Beumler, Jennifer S. Hughes, Leonard M. Hummel, Mary E. Hunt, Laennec Hurbon, Mark Hutchinson, Susan E. Hylen, Mary Beth Ingham, H. Larry Ingle, Dale T. Irvin, Jon Isaak, Paul John Isaak, Ada María Isasi-Díaz, Hans Raun Iversen, Margaret C. Jacob, Arthur James, Maria Jansdotter-Samuelsson, David Jasper, Werner G. Jeanrond, Renée Jeffery, David Lyle Jeffrey, Theodore W. Jennings, David H. Jensen, Robin Margaret Jensen, David Jobling, Dale A. Johnson, Elizabeth A. Johnson, Maxwell E. Johnson, Sarah Johnson, Mark D. Johnston, F. Stanley Jones, James William Jones, John R. Jones, Alissa Jones Nelson, Inge Jonsson, Jan Joosten, Elizabeth Judd, Mulambya Peggy Kabonde, Robert Kaggwa, Sylvester Kahakwa, Isaac Kalimi, Ogbu U. Kalu, Eunice Kamaara, Wayne C. Kannaday, Musimbi Kanyoro, Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Frank Kaufmann, Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo, Richard Kearney, Alice A. Keefe, Ralph Keen, Catherine Keller, Anthony J. Kelly, Karen Kennelly, Kathi Lynn Kern, Fergus Kerr, Edward Kessler, George Kilcourse, Heup Young Kim, Kim Sung-Hae, Kim Yong-Bock, Kim Yung Suk, Richard King, Thomas M. King, Robert M. Kingdon, Ross Kinsler, Hans G. Kippenberg, Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan, Clifton Kirkpatrick, Leonid Kishkovsky, Nadieszda Kizenko, Jeffrey Klaiber, Hans-Josef Klauck, Sidney Knight, Samuel Kobia, Robert Kolb, Karla Ann Koll, Heikki Kotila, Donald Kraybill, Philip D. W. Krey, Yves Krumenacker, Jeffrey Kah-Jin Kuan, Simanga R. Kumalo, Peter Kuzmic, Simon Shui-Man Kwan, Kwok Pui-lan, André LaCocque, Stephen E. Lahey, John Tsz Pang Lai, Emiel Lamberts, Armando Lampe, Craig Lampe, Beverly J. Lanzetta, Eve LaPlante, Lizette Larson-Miller, Ariel Bybee Laughton, Leonard Lawlor, Bentley Layton, Robin A. Leaver, Karen Lebacqz, Archie Chi Chung Lee, Marilyn J. Legge, Hervé LeGrand, D. L. LeMahieu, Raymond Lemieux, Bill J. Leonard, Ellen M. Leonard, Outi Leppä, Jean Lesaulnier, Nantawan Boonprasat Lewis, Henrietta Leyser, Alexei Lidov, Bernard Lightman, Paul Chang-Ha Lim, Carter Lindberg, Mark R. Lindsay, James R. Linville, James C. Livingston, Ann Loades, David Loades, Jean-Claude Loba-Mkole, Lo Lung Kwong, Wati Longchar, Eleazar López, David W. Lotz, Andrew Louth, Robin W. Lovin, William Luis, Frank D. Macchia, Diarmaid N. J. MacCulloch, Kirk R. MacGregor, Marjory A. MacLean, Donald MacLeod, Tomas S. Maddela, Inge Mager, Laurenti Magesa, David G. Maillu, Fortunato Mallimaci, Philip Mamalakis, Kä Mana, Ukachukwu Chris Manus, Herbert Robinson Marbury, Reuel Norman Marigza, Jacqueline Mariña, Antti Marjanen, Luiz C. L. Marques, Madipoane Masenya (ngwan'a Mphahlele), Caleb J. D. Maskell, Steve Mason, Thomas Massaro, Fernando Matamoros Ponce, András Máté-Tóth, Odair Pedroso Mateus, Dinis Matsolo, Fumitaka Matsuoka, John D'Arcy May, Yelena Mazour-Matusevich, Theodore Mbazumutima, John S. McClure, Christian McConnell, Lee Martin McDonald, Gary B. McGee, Thomas McGowan, Alister E. McGrath, Richard J. McGregor, John A. McGuckin, Maud Burnett McInerney, Elsie Anne McKee, Mary B. McKinley, James F. McMillan, Ernan McMullin, Kathleen E. McVey, M. Douglas Meeks, Monica Jyotsna Melanchthon, Ilie Melniciuc-Puica, Everett Mendoza, Raymond A. Mentzer, William W. Menzies, Ina Merdjanova, Franziska Metzger, Constant J. Mews, Marvin Meyer, Carol Meyers, Vasile Mihoc, Gunner Bjerg Mikkelsen, Maria Inêz de Castro Millen, Clyde Lee Miller, Bonnie J. Miller-McLemore, Alexander Mirkovic, Paul Misner, Nozomu Miyahira, R. W. L. Moberly, Gerald Moede, Aloo Osotsi Mojola, Sunanda Mongia, Rebeca Montemayor, James Moore, Roger E. Moore, Craig E. Morrison O.Carm, Jeffry H. Morrison, Keith Morrison, Wilson J. Moses, Tefetso Henry Mothibe, Mokgethi Motlhabi, Fulata Moyo, Henry Mugabe, Jesse Ndwiga Kanyua Mugambi, Peggy Mulambya-Kabonde, Robert Bruce Mullin, Pamela Mullins Reaves, Saskia Murk Jansen, Heleen L. Murre-Van den Berg, Augustine Musopole, Isaac M. T. Mwase, Philomena Mwaura, Cecilia Nahnfeldt, Anne Nasimiyu Wasike, Carmiña Navia Velasco, Thulani Ndlazi, Alexander Negrov, James B. Nelson, David G. Newcombe, Carol Newsom, Helen J. 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Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
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- 05 August 2012
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- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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3 - Figuring history: Truth, Poetry, and Report in The True Tragedy of Richard III
- Brian Walsh, Yale University, Connecticut
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- Shakespeare, the Queen's Men, and the Elizabethan Performance of History
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- 19 January 2010
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- 10 December 2009, pp 74-107
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Summary
In his 1605 treatise The Advancement of Learning, Francis Bacon considers a major concern of Renaissance culture, the question of how those in the present seek to know and in some sense feel connected to the past:
Infinite palaces, temples, castles, cities, have been decayed and demolished […] It is not possible to have the true pictures or statues of Cyrus, Alexander, Caesar, no, nor of the kings or great personages of much later years; for the originals cannot last, and the copies cannot but leese [lose, cause the loss] of the life and truth. But the images of men's wits and knowledges remain in books, exempted from the wrong of time, and capable of perpetual renovation. Neither are they fitly to be called images, because they generate still, and cast their seeds in the minds of others, provoking and causing infinite actions and opinions in succeeding ages.
In this formulation, people like Cyrus and Alexander die, their “copies” decay, while other structures such as “temples, castles, cities” crumble and fade, thus cutting those in the present off from the physical past. Yet, Bacon sees potential for continuity as well. The past can “generate” still, working on the minds of people in the present. In an elaborate simile he goes on to write that “men's wits and knowledges,” like a ship, “pass through the vast seas of time, and make ages so distant to participate of the wisdom, illuminations, and inventions, the one of the other.”
Bacon is confident that such knowledge, presumably that which allows us to know who Cyrus and the rest are in the first place, can survive through textual inscriptions, “in books.”
Introduction
- Brian Walsh, Yale University, Connecticut
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- Shakespeare, the Queen's Men, and the Elizabethan Performance of History
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- 19 January 2010
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- 10 December 2009, pp 1-9
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“Longing on a large scale is what makes history.”
Don DeLillo, UnderworldIn his 1589 treatise The Arte of English Poesie, George Puttenham diagnosed the limited ability of humans to perceive history. The past, according to Puttenham, is that which “we are not able […] to attaine to the knowledge of, by any of our sences.” History is defined by its inalienable absence. It exists only in forms of textual or pictorial representation, such as prose works, poetry, and illustrations, or in embodied acts such as storytelling and theatrical playing. In sixteenth-century England, these forms flourished as varying responses to a heightened awareness of the absence of history, an awareness that the intellectual ambitions of the Renaissance precipitated. Of all the forms of history, performance alone supplies a pretense of sensual contact with the vanished past through the bodies that move and speak on stage. The history plays that I consider in this book, from the repertory of the Queen's Men and by Shakespeare, grew out of a vibrant Elizabethan historical culture, and they in turn helped to shape a new historical outlook. These works suggest a distinctive consciousness of history, one that understands the generation and production of historical narratives as driven by a sense of longing for contact with the past, a desire that is doomed from the start to remain unfulfilled. The historical consciousness I see at work on the late-sixteenth-century stage thus comprehends the pleasures of history as rooted in a dialectic of presence and absence, for the performance of history provides an experience of “pastness” that is necessarily ephemeral.
Shakespeare, the Queen's Men, and the Elizabethan Performance of History
- Brian Walsh
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- Published online:
- 19 January 2010
- Print publication:
- 10 December 2009
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The Elizabethan history play was one of the most prevalent dramatic genres of the 1590s, and so was a major contribution to Elizabethan historical culture. The genre has been well served by critical studies that emphasize politics and ideology; however, there has been less interest in the way history is interrogated as an idea in these plays. Drawing in period-sensitive ways on the field of contemporary performance theory, this book looks at the Shakespearean history play from a fresh angle, by first analyzing the foundational work of the Queen's Men, the playing company that invented the popular history play. Through innovative readings of their plays including The Famous Victories of Henry V before moving on to Shakespeare's 1 Henry VI, Richard III, and Henry V, this book investigates how the Queen's Men's self-consciousness about performance helped to shape Shakespeare's dramatic and historical imagination.
Conclusion: traces of Henry/traces of history
- Brian Walsh, Yale University, Connecticut
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- Shakespeare, the Queen's Men, and the Elizabethan Performance of History
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- 19 January 2010
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- 10 December 2009, pp 214-220
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Henry V was among the first productions put on at the reconstructed Globe Theatre on the Bankside in Southwark in 1997. Like all plays, this Henry V existed in a series of performative presents and then disappeared. Traces still exist, to be sure: playbills, production photographs, newspaper reviews of the show, eyewitness accounts, as well as scholarly articles about it. In addition to all the ways “Shakespeare's Globe,” as it is officially known, strives to recreate Shakespeare's working theater, it also supplies things we wish the Elizabethan version had contained, chiefly, an archive of its own productions where some of these traces have been stored. There is, indeed, one remarkable trace of the 1997 Henry V available at the Globe Library, one more vivid than anything the Lord Chamberlain's or the King's Men could have left behind: videotapes of the performance (the Library houses tapes of every production put on since the Globe opened its doors). Of course, video is far from a cutting-edge technology today. Videotapes have become increasingly irrelevant over the past several years. In addition to being relatively cumbersome and limited in their “storage” capacity, they are warped with frequent use and can be easily snapped by frequent rewinding and fast-forwarding. These records of Globe performances are subject to various kinds of breakdown and erasure, and one wonders when the tapes will all be transferred to fallible but perhaps more durable media such as DVD, Blu-ray disc, or electronic files, and when, or whether, they will all be put in wider circulation, perhaps through sales to individuals or libraries, increasing the chances for preservation.
1 - Dialogues with the dead: history, performance, and Elizabethan theater
- Brian Walsh, Yale University, Connecticut
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- Shakespeare, the Queen's Men, and the Elizabethan Performance of History
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- 19 January 2010
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- 10 December 2009, pp 10-47
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In the A-text of Christopher Marlowe's Doctor Faustus, the Emperor Charles V asks Faust to “raise” for him “Alexander the Great” and his “beauteous paramour.” The Emperor explains his request as a deep longing for the past: “It grieves my soul I never saw the man.” Marlowe's play gives voice to feelings of loss that permeate the historical culture of sixteenth-century England, where a heightened sensitivity emerged to the break between the past and the present or to what Andrew Escobedo has called the temporal “caesura” of historical distance. As Escobedo argues, sixteenth-century English culture evinces a “hankering after a knowledge of its origins […] yet nonetheless [is] predicated on its isolation from these origins.” I wish in this study to examine how theatrical performance contributed to and expanded on that historical outlook. The pages that follow provide a historical framework and a theoretical model for understanding how staging the past inflected historical consciousness in late-sixteenth-century England.
I will start with a three-part overview of the historical culture of the Elizabethan era, looking at its conceptual roots in the Italian Renaissance, its variety and increasingly self-reflexive nature, and its implication in notions of rupture, in particular the rupture of the Reformation. The historical consciousness of this culture, I will contend, is shaped by a need for history and an awareness that the past only exists when it is produced through potentially ephemeral human efforts. I then consider how, within the period's theatrical culture, there emerges a related outlook on performance: it is something which is desired and which is ultimately subject to disappearance.